PROGNATHISM

A relative increase in the size of the jaw, with the jaw sticking forward beyond the plane of the face, especially as indicated by a gnathic index over 103.

Mandibular prognathism (Class III skeletal relationship) is found in 3-5% of the general population. The characteristic feature of this trait is the forward positioning of the mandible related to the maxilla at rest. It is well documented in the literature that hereditary forms of the disorder exist, most notably in the European Habsburg Dynasty. The term “Habsburg Jaw” is often used when referring to mandibular prognathism.

ULTRASOUND

• Inherited facial shape
• Apert’s syndrome
• Acromegaly
• Scheie syndrome (mucoploysaccharidoses).
• Basal cell nevus syndrome
• Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
• Sotos syndrome
• Miescher syndrome.