Trisomy 10

TRISOMY 10

Rare chromosomal anomaly that has been identified in 1.8% of abortions (1,2), but is dependent on gestational age (3).
No fetus with trisomy 10 have survived to term.
All liveborns with trisomy 10 are mosaics with a euploid cell line or monosomy X (4,5).
Clinical features of trisomy 10 mosaicism include mental and growth retardation, hypertelorism, cryptorchidism, congenital heart defects and short life expectancy.

ULTRASOUND (6,7)

Head and Neck:
  - Increased nuchal translucency.
  - Nuchal edema.
  - Low set ears.
  - Facial cleft.
  - Micrognathia.
Chest:
  - Diaphragmatic hernia.
  - Hypoplastic lung.
Genitourinary Tract:
  - Renal agenesis.
Gastrointestinal Tract:
  - Intestinal malrotation.

Cardiovascular System:
  - Major cardiac malformations
  (various types)
Skeletal System:
  - Polydactyly.
  - "Hitchhiker thumb".
  - Rockerbottom" feet.
  - Hypoplastic toes.
  - Hypoplastic fifth finger.
  - Talipes equinovarus.

REFERENCES

Byrne J, Warburton D, Kline J et.al. Morphology of early fetal deaths and their chromosomal characteristics. Teratology 1985;32:297-315.
Boue J, Boue A, Deluchat C et.al. Identification of C trisomies in human abortuses. J Med Genet 1975;12:265-268.
Hassolt T, Warburton D, Kline J et.al. The relationship of maternal age and trisomy among trisomic spontaneous abortions. Am J Hum Genet 1984;36:1349-1356.
De France HF, Beemer FA, Senders RC et.al. Trisomy 10 mosaicism in a newborn boy; delineation of the syndrome. Clin Genet 1985;27:92-96.
Boon C, Markello T, Jackson-Cook C et.al. Partial trisomy 10 mosaicism with cutaneous manifestations: report of a case review of the literature. Clin Genet 1996;50:417-421.
Farrell SA, Sue-Chue-Lam A, Miskin M et.al. Fetal nuchal edema and antenatal diagnosis of trisomy 10. Prenat Diagn 1994;14:463-467.
Schwarzler P, Moscoso G, Bernard JP et.al. Trisomy 10: first-trimester features on ultrasound, fetoscopy and postmortem of a case associated with increase nuchal translucency. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1999;13:67-70.