1.
Embryology.
2.
Normal Anatomy.
3.
Normal Waveform.
4.
Abnormal Waveforms.
5.
Umbilical Vein Varix.
6.
Persistent Right Umbilical Vein
(± abnormal extrahepatic
connections).
7.
Agenesis of the ductus venosus (with
aberrant insertion of umbilical vein)
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